How to Check Your Linux OS Version from the Command Line

Knowing your exact Linux OS version is essential for system administrators, developers, and advanced users. Whether you need to install software, apply security patches, or troubleshoot issues, having accurate OS version details ensures compatibility and system stability.

This guide explores multiple command-line methods for checking the Linux OS version, applicable to distributions like Ubuntu, CloudLinux, RockyLinux, AlmaLinux, Debian, Fedora, CentOS, Arch Linux, and more.

Methods to Check Linux OS Version

Here are six effective ways to retrieve detailed system version information in Linux.

1. Using the lsb_release Command

The lsb_release -a command is a common way to check the Linux distribution version.

lsb_release -a

Example output on Ubuntu:

Distributor ID: Ubuntu  
Description:    Ubuntu 25.04 LTS  
Release:        25.04  
Codename:       jammy  

If the command is unavailable, install it with:

sudo apt install lsb-release  # For Ubuntu/Debian  
sudo yum install redhat-lsb   # For Red Hat/CentOS  

2. Checking the /etc/os-release File

This method works across most modern Linux distributions and provides detailed system information.

cat /etc/os-release

Example output on Debian:

PRETTY_NAME="Debian GNU/Linux 12 (bookworm)"  
NAME="Debian GNU/Linux"  
VERSION_ID="12"  
VERSION="12 (bookworm)"  
ID=debian 

3. Using uname to Check Kernel Version

If you need kernel information instead of distribution details, uname is the best option.

uname -a

Expected output:

Linux server100 6.16.0-25-generic #26-Ubuntu SMP x86_64 GNU/Linux  

For kernel version only:

uname -r

4. Using hostnamectl (For Systemd-Based Systems)

For distributions using systemd, hostnamectl provides a modern approach to retrieving system information.

hostnamectl

Example output on Fedora:

   Static hostname: fedora-pc  
         Icon name: computer-laptop  
  Operating System: Fedora 42 (Workstation Edition)  
            Kernel: Linux 6.1.13-300.fc38.x86_64  
      Architecture: x86_64  

5. Checking /etc/issue

Another simple way to retrieve basic system details is by checking /etc/issue.

cat /etc/issue

Example output on Ubuntu:

Ubuntu 25.04 LTS \n \l 

6. Using /proc/version

This method provides direct details about the Linux kernel and its compiler.

cat /proc/version

Example output:

Linux version 6.17.0-25-generic (gcc (Ubuntu 9.4.0-1ubuntu1) 9.4.0)  

Why Knowing Your Linux OS Version Matters

Understanding your Linux OS version is crucial for:

• Software Compatibility: Ensures that installed applications work correctly.
• Security Maintenance: Helps apply critical updates and patches.
• Troubleshooting: Aids in diagnosing and resolving system issues efficiently.
• Server Administration: Essential for maintaining stability in production environments.

Simplifying Linux System Management

For administrators managing Linux servers, using system management platforms can simplify tasks such as:

• Performance monitoring.
• Automating updates and security patches.
• Configuring web servers and databases without complex commands.

These tools are useful for both Linux experts and users seeking a more intuitive approach to server management.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

How do I check the kernel version in Linux?

Run uname -r to display the kernel version.

What is the most comprehensive method to check the Linux OS version?

The /etc/os-release file provides structured and detailed information.

Can I check my Linux version through a graphical interface?

Yes, desktop environments like GNOME and KDE provide system information tools in the settings menu.

How can I check the Linux OS version on a remote server?

Use SSH to connect and run lsb_release -a or cat /etc/os-release.

Why is it important to update Linux based on its version?

Each version includes security fixes, compatibility improvements, and performance optimizations. Keeping the system updated is essential for security and stability.

With these methods, you can quickly check your Linux OS version, ensuring an up-to-date and well-optimized system.